Kungani Ukuba Isilawuli Se-Concrete Sithobele?

Ukubalwa Kwemithombo: Kanjani Amabhiti eCarbide Nezidamane Kuthutha Ubukhulu beBhiti yeDrili yeConcrete

Kungani Amabhiti eDrili eCarbide-Tipped Amanika Ukungcolisa Okuphambene Esibonkeni

I-tungsten carbide inethulwana lokubanda okuphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwe-90 ne-92 HRA xa isaniswa nomfanekiso wokuthinta we-cobalt ongenani engu-8 ku-12 ipheresenti. Okukhomba kakhulu nguye ukuthi kuyiniqama kanjani ekugcineni umgodi walo njengoba kusetyenziswa kakudala kodwa kakhoke kakhoke kube lula ngokufanele ukuqina kwesimanje. Lo mbandela ungaqina izinselelo zokucophezela ezingaphezu kuka-7,000 MPa lokhu kusho ukuthi i-drill bits ezinzululwayo nge-tungsten carbide zilindile kakhulu xa kuzodlulwa ikonkreti kunazo ezenziwa ngesitya esijulile. Sibona ukuthi ukulungiselela kwegunya kubonisa ukuthi lo mshini otholakalayo nge-carbide uba usebenza ngempela xa kudlulwa amahlathi angaphezu kuka-60 emabhalini akhokhelwe yikonkreti ngaphambi kokuthi kuthathwe futhi. Lokho kubonakala njengokuba kukhokelwa kakhulu kanti kuphela okuthile kususelwa kumazinyo angafani na-carbide, kanti kube nemali encane kude ngaphandle kokuthinta kabanzi ngasekuqaleni.

Idiamond vs. Carbide: Ukulinganisa Ubunzima Nezindlela Ezifanelekileyo YokuDlula Ikonyakrithi

Ibithe emaphakathiwe ngediamond zihlukile kakhulu kuma carbide emkhathini ophakeme, zibambekeza phansi kuzo-1,200°F, ngelixa i-carbide isebenza njalo lapha kuzo-800°F. Noma izinhlobo ze diamond zilipha 4–6 izikhathi ngokwesibili, inkinga yazo yokudrila amabhola 300+ ekonkreti enzima kuyakwenzela ukuthi ibe yisayensi ephethilwayo ezintweni ezinkulu ezivelayo.

Izimboni nezindlela zokulungisa okuchitha umthwalo nempilo yezibonakaliso

Izindlela ezinhle zokulungisa isandla zihlenza ukuthi izinhlangothi zibe namandla angaphandle kuka-30–40%. Izimboni ze-titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) zilahla ukugaya ngama-25%, izindlela eziphawuliwe ngolaser zilahla ukudluliswa kwesibindi emanzini, futhi ukuphalala okubili kuhlele impilo yekhabhide njengoba kuhlenga umthwalo—konke lokhu kuhlele kusebenza phakade ekugayeni.

Ukuphatha umthwalo wokunyakaza xa kusetshenziswa kakhulu ngematerials enhle yesiqalo

Izinhlangothi ezintsha zezikhabhide zinezigaba ezihle zokuhlola okuhlenza umthwalo ukuphathwa ngaphezu kuka-20% kunazo ezijulile. Izingxenye ezinezindlovu zinezinkomba ezifakelweyo zokulahla umthwalo, zilahla intonga yomsebenzi ngama-150–200°F. Izimboni zokulahla umthwalo ezifakelwe kumgodi we-khabhide manje zivumela ukugaya phakade kusuka ku-6" ngaphakathi kwebhloko engavamiseki, lokho kubalulekile kuzindlela zokusebenza.

Izigaba zokwakha okuchitha umthwalo nokunakekela ubude bezinhlangothi

Umbuthano Wombhuzi Nenqubo Yokunqamula Izingcindezi Ngokushesha Kanti Kunciphise Isivimvo

Ubume bomphango wophungelelo kubalulekile ekunqamuleni izingcindezi kanti ukuvikela ukuganda. Isifundo sengeniero yoniversity of michigan, 2023 sabonisa ukuthi i-flutes ezihlelikahle ngezilinganiso zika-34°–38° zicinca isivimvo ngakude kuya ku-40% kunazo eziphambili. Lesi zilinganiso ezihlakaniphiwe zivikela ukukhula kwazingcindezi—oluhlaza olutholakala ngaphansi kwe-62% yezinkinga zombhuzi ngokwemibuzo yesivikelo.

Umbuthano Weshank Ukuba Yilapho Ne-Hammer Drills Ukusebenza Kakhulu Kanti Kube Thembekile

Izinqawu ze-SDS Plus ne-SDS Max zihlelwe ngokucacile kangaka ukuze zilindele imiphazamo engu-0.02mm, yenza ukuthi kuhlange kahle futhi kumqeqeshisa ukuphazanyeka okungathandakali xa usebenzisa izicubaba ezinamandla. Uma le zixhobo ziqhakamise kahle, zithunyelana ngaphansi kwesivimvo ngasempeleni. Ngokwemfundo ethile ye-ASTM International, lokhu kusiza izincam kwekhabonide ezigcwele ukuba zilinde kabanza ngama-33% ngaphambi kokuthi kudingeka ukubuyisela. Izigaba ezinzima zezinqawu zinezinhlanganiseli ezalenywa ngesilase, ngakho ke zingasebenzela konke okuhlelekile. Kuzovalwa ukuthi kuzosinda izimpact njengoba kune-18,000 BPM ngaphandle kokubonisa izinkomba zokugaya nokulahleka kwesimo.

Ukukhiqizwa Okunzima Ukwenza Ukwephula Nokulahleka Kwesimo Kwezimali

Ukugcinwa okuphakade kwenza ubuchwepheshe obuthandayo: i-layer engu-62–64 HRC ikunqamula i-core enobuhlungu be-54–56 HRC. Lokhu kwenziwe, kungalungiswa ngokuzivikela, kunciphisa izikhathazo ezihlukile ngemipha-28% ngelinye nokulindela ubunjingili. Amathambo okulahla ukushishiswa akhethekile ebusweni bekhipha kunciphisa amanzi okusebenza ngama-140°F ngendawo yokusebenzisa, okunikeza indiza ephelele.

Izinkinobi ze-SDS Zingachazwa: Ukulunga Uhlobo Ngokuthenga Ukuze Kuthole Indiza Ephelele

Ukuziqonda SDS, SDS Plus, ne-SDS Max: Okusetshenzwayo kanye nokuhlukana kwebuthongo

Izinkinobi ze-SDS (Slotted Drive System) zakhelwe ukuze zenzeke ukuthutha kwezimali kakhulu emashinini ekhuthaza. Izinhlobo ezintathu zisebenza ngendlela eyodwa:

Ukukhetha imigubo ye-SDS efanelekileyo yekonkrethi nezisebenzi ezinebuhlungu

Izinhlangothi zokwakha ezizenzakalelayo zikonkrethi ukwenza amakhanda okulungisa kufanele kusebenzise imigubo ye-SDS-Plus engaphezulu kusuka ku-3/8 inch kuya ku-inc half. Le sizathu sihlanganisa ngokuhambisana isivinini sokugcina nokuphila kwabo kabusha phambi kokuhlukunyiselwa. Kodwa, lokhu kuguquka uma usebenzela emabodlwini aphunyawayo okanye ukwenza kunezintathu zokugcina ngokuphambene kwegolide. Lapho ke magqubutho aye a-SDS-Max ayadingeka, ikakhulukazi amathathu anemigqa yecarbide. Lokhu kungahlinzeki ngokushesha njengalokho kakhulu kakhulu kwayo okuqashiywe khona. Ukuzinikela kwempilo kubonisa abasebenzi abathintela imigubo ngokuphindaphinda kabili uma bekukhetha uhlobo lwemigubo ye-SDS olufanele ngokulinganako komgca wokugcina nokude kakhulu koku

Imikhuba yokukhetha: Ukwelashisa, umsebenzi, nokusebenza kudala

Izinhlanu ezintathu zokuphila kwe-bit ye-SDS:

1. Ukutholakala kwe-chuck : Izinhlobo ezingahambelani kuzohluza, zokhuthaza ukuthinta kwesankolo
2. Ukungabi ngecala kwezindlela : Ukubhaliswa ngendawo yemifuyo yecopper kuyakhathazeka izigaba ezinokwenzeka kangakanani kune-600°F ngexhumo lokudrillwa ngaphandle kwegesi
3. Ingeno yokufinyelela ekuculiseni : Amashipeji amadala anamandla okunciphisa igumbi elibi ngama-40% kunazo ezenziwe ngokushesha

Ukuguquka okuphelele kufezekwa ngokudibanisa izilungiso ze-drill eziphathelene nemithetho yokuvula—kuqala ukudrillwa kwezinkomo ezingu-10–15 ezincane ngama-50% RPM ukulungiselela izindiza ze-carbide ukuze zilindele inkinga. Sicabanga ukuthola imibiko ye-ISO 11833 esankoleni ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izilinganiso zenkinga zihlale kumelela noma ziyisuke kizinikezwa.

Izimo zokudrillwa Ezobaluleka Kugcobo lwe-Concrete Drill Bit

Ukugcina kwezimali kanye nokugcina kwegazi: Ukulawula ukushisa, ukudla kwegazi, nokuphila kwezinqamleli

Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokugcina ngamanzi kungasekela ukuncipha okuqukethwe kwemithwalo yokubamba emva kuka-60 degrees Fahrenheit kangangokulingana nokugcina ngokususelwa. Lokhu kwenza uhlu olubalulekile ekuphileni kwizinqamlezi ezinezinkunzi ezingaphansi kokuthi kufanele zilahlutshelwe. Kuyini indlela engeyiyo? Kuzoba kukhona amanzi amnyama apholileyo atholakala ngexesha lenqulo. Kodwa, manje, le minyaka ihlanya ibenye yamandla ekukhokeleleni iingcinga ezihlaza ezintathu kunye nezine (400) ezongezayo ezidala ngokuxhenxene xa kugcinwa ngokususelwa ngexesha elide. Abantu abaninzi bafuna ukugcina ngokususelwa kumazinyo angaphandle ngoba zingcono kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa phakade. Ngaphezu koko, imbizo ezahlukeneyo ezivela kumthengi wamashayidi akhokho aqinisekisa ukuthi singaphila ngokuqhubekayo ngelishwa elingu-30% kwezinqamlezi zethu uma sithintela konke.

Indlela okushisayo kuyiphula kakhulu ubunzima bezinqamlezi ezinezinkunzi ezingaphansi zokugcina umthi

Ukushisa okukhulu kuhlwempuza umkhumbi wethokoloho wesilika esibonakalayo, kubangela ukuthembeka kwezindlela zokugcina. Iziphumo ezihlanzekileyo ezingaphezu kuka-750°F—ezihlukene kwezinkathalo ezigcwele ngaphandle kokulima kahle—kuchitha isivinini nge-40%. Lokhu ukulimala kumenza izinhlangothi zokugcina zibe ngemvane, kakhuluza ukugcina phansi ngenkathi engu-3–4 futhi kuchitha ukulimala kwamashotho.

Isantekisi esihlelo sesantekisi nesixwayiso sokucindezela ukuze kunciphise ukulimala ngokushesha

Ukusebenzisa imodi yesitshele se 'rotation only' yomgcina wesitshele ekwenzeni amabhodi amacala kunciphisa ukucindezela kuqala kumashoni amabhiti nge-18%, ngokwesiqephu sezixhobo zokusebenza.

Izinhawu zolwandle eziphazanyiswa kuzindawo zokusebenza ezingcinketha ukulahlekelwa kwebiti

Umbuthi oshisayo owakhiwa ngexesha lokugcina ngokuchasa kusebenza njengegqubu elibhetshe umlilo, ekhathazeka ngokuphindaphinda kumagqabi atholakala emva kwemipuka yezimboty. Xa izimo ziphinde ziphile kakhulu noma xa ubude buhlalo phantsi kwe-40 degrees Fahrenheit, iingcinga ze-steyili ziqale zihlalela ngokukhawuleza uma aziphathwayi ngendlela efanelekileyo. Abasebenzi abasebenzayo emva kwamazinyo noma emgodini wamanzi bafunyanisile into ethile eyahlukileyo. Ukudlaywa kwamanzi anamathambo kwi-concrete kwenza indima enye yezinkinga. Bafuna ukuba ukulahlekelwa kwe-carbide kuhlala kakhulu ngaphezu kwe-22% kulo msebenzi ngoba izinkcazo zokugcina zidlala kanjani nezinto ezifakelweyo kulesi simiso. Lo msebenzi mbona mbanjwa kakhulu ekugcineni kwintando yesiseko kule ndawo esithile yokusebenza.

Iindlela eziphambili zokulungisa ukuhlanjelwa kwezimboty zenza-concrete

Susa izinto ezilahlekileyo ngokuthe ngenene ukuze ungavimise clogging kunye nokunyula

Umvumo wokubhakala kanye nempawu yomthwalo ubukeka ngokukhula kwi-flutes, kakhulu ukugaya kanye nokushisa. Ukucula njalo ngaphandle kwezinkulungwane ezingu-3–5 ngokusebenzisa iziphiya ezikhishinyayo zesi-nylon kanye nesilonda esigcinwe sibekwe esiphazini sithintela ukushisa okuhlobene nokuhluka kwesiqhamo ngama-62% emathundeni akhangelwayo. Kumaqondana amadala, ukusetha kusuku olunye ngemoto ephambili engaphansi kuya ekupheleni kwegolide kuthinta inhliziyo yokumelana ngokuhlukanika. Le ndlela ithintela izidingo zetorque eziphepha ngama-33–40%, ngokwemichazamchaza yesimo seSimulations from the International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC 2023). Izirhorho zasekuhlengeni zibonisa ukuthi ubude bebuso balesiqhamo sobunkunzi buhlanganisa ngama-28% uma le ndlela ehlangeneyo isebenziswa.

Ukudrila kuqala ngokusebenzisa i-bits ezincane ukuze kuthintwe ubuchopho kanye kube lula ubude bebuso

Ukudlula kuqala ngobude obungu-1/4" ngaphambi kokuthi usebenzise igolide ephelele kuthinta inhliziyo yokumelana ngokuhlukanika. Le ndlela ithintela izidingo zetorque eziphepha ngama-33–40%, ngokwemichazamchaza yesimo seSimulations from the International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC 2023). Izirhorho zasekuhlengeni zibonisa ukuthi ubude bebuso balesiqhamo sobunkunzi buhlanganisa ngama-28% uma le ndlela ehlangeneyo isebenziswa.

Ukugcina kanye nokuphatha okufanelekile ukuze kugcinwe ubume bomthetho

Gcina izikinobho kumzilwane otholene ngokuthi usebenzise i-silica gel packs ukuze uvikele umlilo phansi kwe-35%, ukwenzela ukuthi kube ngcono umlilo owenziwa ymoya kwi-carbide. Izifundo zasekhaya zibonisa ukuthi ukugcina kwindawo ehlawulwayo kulula ngokuphindaphinda okuqukethwe kakhulu kunakho kumathuba apheleleyo. Ngexesha lokuthutha, cindezela iishank kumntla wophandle wefoam ukuze ungavuthi izityhini eziphazanyayo ezinokungcolisa ubume becutting.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yintoni eyenza amashiza encinci carbide aqhubekanga ngapakade kunye nezindlu eziluhlaza?

Izixhobo ezinentshona ye-carbide zinezilinganiso ezikhulu zokukhanda ngokuba ziquka tungsten carbide, zivumela ukuba zilinde amandla akhokelela ngaphezulu azilahlekelana ngapakade emehlweni enzima kunye nezixhobo eziluhlaza.

Kani na ukulinganisa kwamashiza atholakala ngodiamond kanye nezine carbide xa kudluliswa ikonkreti?

Izixhobo ezitholakalayo ngodiamond zingcono kakhulu kodwa zihlangothi, kodwa ziyasebenza ngaphezulu kwezinye kumzimba ophezulu kakhulu futhi zingakwazi ukugcina ubume bazo ngempeleni, zenzelula ukuba kube yimali efanelekileyo kumacebo amakhulu angcono.

Yintoni into ethembekileyo ekufuneka ukusebenzisa iinkcukacha ezintsha kumashiza encinci?

Izimvushane ezide izinkulungwane njenge Titanium Aluminum Nitride (TiAlN) zilula ukugaya, zivikela ukuthi kwenzeke intambo, kanti futhi zayandisa ubude bebuso bezinhlangothi zezixhobo zokudonsa, zihlanza ukuthi zisebenze kahle ngaphandle kwezimo ezidingekayo.

Kunjani indlela enguquba yendlela yokudonsa kubude bebuso bezinhlangothi zezixhobo zokudonsa?

Ukudonsa ngamanzi kunika intambo kancane, okungakwenzela ukuthi kube khona ubude bebuso bezinhlangothi zezixhobo zokudonsa. Kodwa, kwenza amathambo kanye angakwazi ukuba yisiphelo njengoko ukudonsa kusuka, emakhaya amathuba.

Zizini izinyathelo ezingakwenzela ukuba kube khona ubude bebuso bezinhlangothi zezixhobo zokudonsa kwizinkunzi?

Ukucima kahle, ukudonsa kuqala ngezinhlangothi ezincane, kanti futhi ukugcina kahle kungakwenzela ukuthi kube khona ubude bebuso bezinhlangothi zezixhobo zokudonsa ngokuhlanya ukugaya kanye nokuvikela ukuthi kwenzeke intambo kanye nokulahlwa komnotho.